![]() ![]() Carbon: The atomic number of carbon is 6 and its atomic weight is 12.Some of these elements hold an extremely important place in the human civilization and have always done so. These elements include carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead. ![]() These are perhaps a few of the most common and the most important elements of the periodic table. Group IV elements of the periodic table contain four electrons in their outermost shell. It is also used in semi-conductors, LEDs and for recording temperatures that would vaporize a thermometer. Solar panels on the Mars Exploration Rover also contained gallium arsenide. It is an important component of many semiconductors and is used in red LEDs (light emitting diodes) because of its ability to convert electricity to light. Gallium arsenide has a similar structure to silicon and therefore it is a useful silicon substitute for the electronics industry. the Melting point of Gallium is 29.7646☌. Gallium: The Atomic number of gallium is 31 and its relative atomic mass is 69.723.As aluminum is strong, it is suitable for architectural work, it conducts electricity so it is suitable to be used for wiring, and as it is light-weight, the vehicles made from it are easier to maneuver and more fuel-efficient. It is used in diverse fields of life such as architecture, electronics and transportation. It has an atomic number of 13, atomic weight of 26.9815, and melting point of 660 ☌ (1,220 ☏). Aluminum: Aluminum is an important element which found in abundance on earth.Sodium octoborate is a flame retardant and B-10 is used in nuclear reactors as it is a good absorber of neutrons. Boric oxide is also used in making tough Pyrex glass, and Fiberglass textiles and insulation are made from borosilicate glass. Borax used to be used to make bleach and as a food preservative. These can be found in eye drops, mild antiseptics, washing powders and tile glazes. The most important compounds of boron are boric (or boracic) acid, borax (sodium borate) and boric oxide. Boron is a useful material and can be used in rocket fuel igniter and in pyrotechnic flare. The melting point of boron is very high, 2,200 ☌ (4,000 ☏). Boron: The atomic number of boron is 5 and its mass number is 10.811.Applications of some important elements are discussed below. ![]() These compounds are quite useful in daily life and can be used for many different purposes, such as construction, electronics and production of other materials. Group three elements are the elements which contain three electrons in the outer most shell. Among p-elements there are elements that can be both cations and anions (A1, Ca, Ti, Se, Pb, PB, Sb, Bi) or only anions (В, С, Sі, N, Р, Аs, О, Те, Р, СІ, Вг, І, Аt).Īpplications Of P-block Elements in Daily Life: Group III Elements: Fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen are the most electronegative elements in the periodic table in the given order.Īlong the period the metallic character decreases, whereas non-metallic character increases, and on moving down the group the metallic character increases, whereas non-metallic character, decreases. Electronegativity increases along the period and decreases down the group. Electron affinity generally becomes more negative on moving from left to right along a period, because it becomes easier for the atom to gain electrons due to increased nuclear attraction, and becomes less negative down the group as it becomes harder for an atom to gain electrons. General trends for p-block elements: atomic size decreases along the period and increases down the group, the first ionization enthalpy of the p-block elements generally decreases down the group and increases on moving from left to right along a period, nonetheless, there are certain exceptions, e.g., the first ionization enthalpy of a group 16 element is lower than that of a group 15 element. ![]()
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